COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Access Strategy

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COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Access Strategy

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020, following the initial rapid expansion in confirmed cases globally.
As of early August 2020, has thus far resulted in over 18.2 million confirmed COVID-19 cases, and close to 700,000 related deaths worldwide – this includes 891,943 COVID-19 cases and 18,893 related deaths in African nations. Although initially slow to spread in Africa, the impact of COVID-19 has recently surged across the continent, registering a 120% growth in confirmed cases and 85% growth in deaths from June to July 2020.

 

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In Africa, the number of COVID-19 cases and affected countries has been increasing steadily. As of 24 April 2020, over 27,000 cases and 1,300 deaths have been reported in 52 countries. Community transmission is now widespread. The epidemic has the potential to result in substantial death and suffering in Africa due to four major factors:

  1. Increased risk of transmission,
  2. Increased risk of infection leading to severe illness,
  3. Increased risk of death from severe illness,
  4. Increased suffering among those who survive the pandemic.

This guidance document addresses how physical distancing (referred to in previous guidance documents as ‘social distancing’) can help slow down transmission.

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