Outbreak Brief 18: COVID-19 Pandemic – 19 May 2020

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Outbreak Brief 18: COVID-19 Pandemic – 19 May 2020

Outbreak Update: Since the last brief (12 May 2020), 612,686 new confirmed[1] coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and 32,990 new deaths have been reported globally. To date, a total of 4,622,001 COVID-19 cases and 311,916 (CFR: 7%) related deaths have been reported worldwide. Worldwide, a total of 215 countries and territories have reported COVID-19 cases. One country (Lesotho) is reporting cases for the first time and three countries (Madagascar, Nepal, South Sudan) are reporting deaths for the first time this week. The distribution of cumulative cases (proportion of global cases %) from the WHO reporting regions (excluding Africa) are as follows: Eastern Mediterranean Region 312,946 (7%), European Region 1,890,467 (41%), Region of the Americas 2,017,811 (44%), South-East Asia Region 141,593 (3%) and Western Pacific Region 169,227 (4%). For more detailed information on cases and deaths being reported outside of Africa, refer to the WHO daily situation reports[2].

[1] WHO COVID-19 surveillance guidance and case definition: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/surveillance-and-case-definitions

[2] WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation reports: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports

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In Africa, the number of COVID-19 cases and affected countries has been increasing steadily. As of 24 April 2020, over 27,000 cases and 1,300 deaths have been reported in 52 countries. Community transmission is now widespread. The epidemic has the potential to result in substantial death and suffering in Africa due to four major factors:

  1. Increased risk of transmission,
  2. Increased risk of infection leading to severe illness,
  3. Increased risk of death from severe illness,
  4. Increased suffering among those who survive the pandemic.

This guidance document addresses how physical distancing (referred to in previous guidance documents as ‘social distancing’) can help slow down transmission.

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