Finding the Balance: Public Health and Social Measures in South Africa

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Finding the Balance: Public Health and Social Measures in South Africa

Background:
Public health and social measures (PHSMs) are an important strategy to slow transmission of COVID-19 and reduce the pressure on health care systems, but they can place a significant burden on people, especially when they restrict movement or access to services. This brief aims to inform policy decisions in South Africa that balance the benefit of PHSMs for reducing transmission with other priorities, including economic and social impacts. It is based on the
review, synthesis and analysis of data illuminating different dimensions of COVID-19 in South Africa—including a nationally representative telephone poll, media monitoring, epidemiological data and other publicly available data sources. Data sources and methods are described at the end of the document.

 

 

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In Africa, the number of COVID-19 cases and affected countries has been increasing steadily. As of 24 April 2020, over 27,000 cases and 1,300 deaths have been reported in 52 countries. Community transmission is now widespread. The epidemic has the potential to result in substantial death and suffering in Africa due to four major factors:

  1. Increased risk of transmission,
  2. Increased risk of infection leading to severe illness,
  3. Increased risk of death from severe illness,
  4. Increased suffering among those who survive the pandemic.

This guidance document addresses how physical distancing (referred to in previous guidance documents as ‘social distancing’) can help slow down transmission.

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