National Public Health Institutes (NPHIs) are science-based government institutions or organizations that promote health by coordinating public health functions and programs to prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats, including infectious and non-infectious diseases and other health events. NPHIs contribute to compliance with International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005) and advance the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) by consolidating and organizing core functions. They provide leadership and a home for coordinating IHR activities, support national accountability for the GHSA, and strengthen the overall health system.